Как указать спряжение глаголов: «Как определить спряжение глагола?» – Яндекс.Кью

Спряжение глаголов в русском языке — правило и таблица с примерами

Правило про спряжение глаголов в русском языке – один из необходимых атрибутов грамотной письменной речи.

Только зная и умея применять его на практике, можно понять, как правильно написать глагольные окончания.

Что такое спряжение глаголов

Термин «спряжение» впервые появился в русском языке в семнадцатом веке. Образовался он от слова «спрягать», в устаревшем значении «присоединять, приближать», с латыни — «наклоняться», «склоняться».

В лингвистике ему придаётся значение: «соединение различных отглагольных форм». В старинном учебнике Иоанна Дамаскина этот термин характеризуется такими словами как «супружество», «соединение».

Спряжением в современной лингвистике принято обозначать изменение глаголов в лице и числе. В русском языке их только два: первое и второе.

Как определить спряжение глагола по личным окончаниям

Личными называются окончания слов, обозначающих действия предметов, в первом, втором и третьем лицах («-у», «-ю», «-ешь», «-ёшь», «-ишь», «-ет», «-ёт», «-им», «-ем», «-ём», «-им», «-ете», «-ёте», «-ите», «-ут», «-ют», «-ат», «-ят») единственного и множественного числа.

Чтобы определить спряжение, сначала нужно выделить ударный слог в слове и посмотреть, падает ли ударение на окончание или нет.

Например, в слове «бороться» ударение падает на второй слог, т. е. личное окончание является безударным. А в слове «бежать» ударение падает на «-ать», т. е. оно является ударным.

Спряжение в ударных окончаниях

По ударному окончанию слова, обозначающего действие предмета, определить спряжение очень легко, для этого достаточно знать только окончания для I и II спряжения.

Обычно ко второму спряжению относят глаголы на «-ить», а к первому все остальные (в том числе и на «–ть», как в словах «жить», «есть», «-ти» для слова «идти» и т. д.).

Примеры:

• «полоть» заканчивается на «-ть» — 1 спряжение;
• «стоять» — окончание «-ять» — 1 спряжение;
• «дремать» — на конце «-ать» — 1 спряжение.

Однако существует множество глаголов-исключений, о которых речь пойдет далее.

Спряжение глаголов в русском языке на примерах в таблице

Спряжение глаголов по безударным личным окончаниям

Если у слова, обозначающего действие предмета, безударное личное окончание, то нужно образовать от него неопределенную форму и посмотреть, какая именно буква стоит перед «-ть». При этом начальную форму следует брать того же вида, что и личная форма.

Примеры:

• «поднимает» — глагол несовершенного вида. Значит, неопределенная форма должна быть тоже несовершенного вида – «поднять». Окончание «-ять», значит, I спряжение;
• «тает» — глагол несовершенного вида, в инфинитиве «таять», т. е. это слово следует включить в I спряжение, так как заканчивается на «-ять».
• «клеит». Ставим его в неопределенную форму: «клеить». Окончание «-ить», соответственно, этот глагол относится ко II спряжению;
• «борешься» — «бороться», на «-оть» и входит в I спряжение.

Задание: проспрягайте (то есть измените по лицам и числам) указанные выше слова.

Чтобы определить лицо глагола, нужно поставить перед ним личное местоимение. Получаем «я поднимаю» и «поднимаете».

Первое спряжение:

1. я поднимаю, мы поднимаем;
2. ты поднимаешь, вы поднимаете;
3. он поднимает, они поднимают.

А теперь проспрягаем глагол второго спряжения, чтобы увидеть, как меняются окончания:

• я клею, мы клеим;
• ты клеишь, вы клеите;
• он клеит, они клеят.

Подводя итоги, отметим — для выяснения, какую гласную ставить в конце слова, можно использовать два метода:

• Первый способ — поставить глагол в третье лицо множественного числа.

Например, нужно узнать окончание глагола «верт_т». Ставим в третье лицо: «они вертят». Глагол заканчивается на «-ят», значит, это глагол 2 спряжения и в неопределенной форме окончание будет «-ит», т.е. «вертит».

Точно так же и с глаголами первого спряжения, например, «зате_ть». Ставим в третье лицо: «они затеют». Окончание «-ют», следовательно, это 1 спряжение, и неопределенная форма будет иметь окончание «-ять»: «затеять».

• Второй способ — определение по неопределенной форме глагола или инфинитиву (т. е. глагол должен отвечать на вопросы «что делать?» или «что сделать?»). Поставив глагол в неопределенную форму, смотрим окончание. Есть глагол не на «-ить», то он относится к первому спряжению и в безударном личном окончании будет писаться буква «е».

Например, глагол «стро_т». Ставим в инфинитив, получается «строить», окончание «-ить», т. е. глагол второго спряжения и в личной форме будет писаться буква «и» — «строит».

Глагол «зате_т» в инфинитиве имеет окончание «-ять», то есть относится к первому спряжению и в личной форме будет иметь окончание «-ет», т. е. «затеет».

Исключения 1 и 2 спряжения

Важно помнить все исключения, которые относятся к этому правилу. Исключения необходимо выучить, так как от них во многом зависит написание слов, обозначающих действия предметов.

Заключение

Как можно увидеть, определить спряжения глагола несложно, недаром это правило ученики проходят ещё в начальной школе. Зато эти знания позволят правильно писать личные глагольные окончания, что просто необходимо для человека, желающего обладать грамотной письменной речью.

90000 What Is a Conjugated Verb? 90001 90002 If you’ve ever taken a second language class, you’ve heard a lot about conjugated verbs and verb conjugations. In short, a conjugated verb is a verb that has been altered from its base form; but, as with all things grammar-related, it’s a little more complicated than that. Let’s take a look at how verbs are conjugated and the different things they communicate when they are. 90003 90004 Defining a Conjugated Verb 90005 90002 Conjugated verbs are verbs which have been changed to communicate one or more of the following: person, number, gender, tense, aspect, mood, or voice.Those will be explained in detail in just a moment: but first, here’s an example of the verb «break» conjugated in several different ways. 90003 90002 Present Simple 90003 90002 I, You, We, They: break 90003 90002 He, She, It: breaks 90003 90002 Present Continuous (Progressive) 90003 90002 I: am breaking 90003 90002 You, We, They: are breaking 90003 90002 He , She, It: is breaking 90003 90002 Present Perfect 90003 90002 I, You, We, They: have broken 90003 90002 He, She, It: has broken 90003 90002 Past Simple 90003 90002 I, You, We, They, He, She , It: broke 90003 90002 Past Continuous 90003 90002 I, He, She, It: was breaking 90003 90002 You, We, They: were breaking 90003 90002 Past Perfect 90003 90002 I, You, We, They, He, She, It: had broken 90003 90002 As you can see, each different conjugation changes «break» from its base form to tell us when and by whom the action takes place.90003 90004 Conjugated Verbs Communicate 90005 90002 A verb conjugation can communicate a lot of detail about a verb such as: 90003 90048 Person 90049 90002 It’s a bit redundant in English because we almost always state a subject explicitly in our sentences, but still, our conjugated verbs often go with specific subjects. For example, «am» is a present tense conjugation of the verb «be,» and it is the form that goes with the subject «I.» Using «I» (or «we») also indicates that the speaker is speaking in first person as opposed to second person ( «you») or third person ( «he,» «she,» «it,» «they») .90003 90048 Number 90049 90002 It is perhaps clearer in other languages, but conjugated verbs in English can also sometimes tell us something about how many people are participating in the action of the verb. For example, singular subjects (he, she, it) in the present simple tense have an «s» added to them when conjugated: 90003 90056 90057 90002 He sings. 90003 90060 90057 90002 She reads. 90003 90060 90057 90002 It rains. 90003 90060 90069 90002 Plural subjects (you, we, they) do not have an «s» on the end: 90003 90056 90057 90002 You sing.90003 90060 90057 90002 We read. 90003 90060 90057 90002 They play. 90003 90060 90069 90002 English is a little tricky here because «you» can be singular or plural, but in other languages, the differentiation between singular and plural subjects is very clear in the conjugated verb endings. 90003 90048 Gender 90049 90002 In some languages, though not English, conjugated verbs can indicate the gender of the subject. 90003 90048 Tense 90049 90002 The verb tense indicates the time at which the action of the verb takes place.Past tense verbs, for example, tell us that the action took place in the past. Present tense indicates the action is happening at this very moment, or that it happens regularly in the present state of things, or that it is true up to the present moment. 90003 90048 Aspect 90049 90002 The aspect of a verb tells us the degree to which it is completed. There are continuous (or progressive) aspects that tell us the action is in progress, there are perfect aspects that tell us the action is complete up to a certain point in time, and there are simple aspects that are just that — simple.90003 90048 Mood 90049 90002 The mood is like the purpose of the sentence in which a verb is used. The stative mood, for example, is used to make a statement. The interrogative mood is for questions. And the conditional mood is for sentences that pose hypothetical scenarios and the outcomes that depend on them. 90003 90048 Voice 90049 90002 You’ve probably heard people talk about active and passive voice. In active voice, the verb indicates that the subject of the sentence is the one doing the action.In passive voice, the subject is the recipient of the action done by someone / something else. 90003 90002 A conjugated verb is a well-explained verb. 90003.90000 Conjugation Definition & Examples | Ginger Software 90001 90002 90003 90004 90005 Definition of Conjugation 90006 90007 90002 Conjugation is the change that takes place in a verb to express tense, mood, person and so on. In English, verbs change as they are used, most notably with different people (you, I, we) and different time (now, later, before). Conjugating verbs essentially means altering them into different forms to provide context. If we regard verbs as the action part of the speech, conjugation alters verbs to tell us who is doing the action and when the action takes place.If we did not conjugate the verb, leaving it in what is called the infinitive form (90009 to 90010 think, 90009 to 90010 laugh, 90009 to 90010 whisper), the context (tense, person, mood, etc.) might be unclear or lost all together. 90003 90002 Consider the verb 90005 90009 to be 90010 90006 and the examples of how it is conjugated into the present tense. 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 am 90006 32 years old. 90026 90023 You 90005 are 90006 a terrific foot player. 90026 90023 Acoustics 90005 is 90006 the study of the properties of sound.90026 90023 The sheep 90005 is 90006 running across the field. 90026 90023 The sheep 90005 are 90006 running across the field. 90026 90043 90002 First of all, the conjugation of 90009 be 90010 into the present tense tells us that these actions are happening now. I 90009 am 90010 (currently) 32 years old. (Right now) you 90009 are 90010 a terrific football player. Secondly, while one could argue that the context of who is doing the action is already given by pronouns 90009 you 90010 and 90009 I, 90010 notice how the conjugated form 90009 is 90010 tells us that 90009 acoustics, 90010 which looks like a plural 90009, 90010 is a singular word.The importance is really driven home in the last two examples, both of which are grammatically correct as sheep has the same spelling in the singular and plural forms. The first tells us that a (just one) sheep is running across the field, whereas the last tells us that multiple (more than one) sheep are running across the field. No other word in this sentence indicates how many sheep there are but the verb, thus the conjugation is critical to the meaning of the sentence. 90003 90062 90005 Grammatical Conjugation 90006 90065 90002 Of course, verbs are not just conjugated into the present tense and there are many reasons — some subtle, some explicit — for them to be altered into different variations.The overall term for this altering specific to verbs is called grammatical conjugation. We achieve conjugation by the process of inflection, which is a way of saying changing a word to provide different inflected, or adjusted, meaning. The way a verb is conjugated is determined by factors like number, person and tense. Look at the example below to see how the verb 90009 to go 90010 changes meaning (and spelling) when conjugated and how its change changes the meaning of the sentence. 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 go 90006 to work each day.This is something that still occurs. 90026 90023 I 90005 went 90006 to work each day. This is something that no longer occurs. 90026 90023 I 90005 will go 90006 to work each day. This is something that has not yet happened. 90026 90023 I 90005 would go 90006 to work each day. This is something that might happen (if a condition is met). 90026 90023 I 90005 am going 90006 to work each day. This is something that is presently occurring. 90026 90023 I 90005 would have 90006 gone to work each day.This is something that might have happened in the past (if a condition had been met). 90009 I 90005 would have 90006 gone to work each day 90010 90009 if they gave us yummy cookies 90010 means that 90009 if 90010 they offered us delicious cookies in the past, I would have gone (in the past). 90026 90023 I 90005 will have 90006 gone to work each day. This is something that 90009 will have 90010 happened (when a future condition is met). For example, 90009 I 90005 will have 90006 gone to every game of the season by the championship 90010 means that in the future, when there is a championship, I can look back and see that I went to all the games.I will be looking backward from some time in the future. 90026 90043 90002 90003 90002 The verb to go is conjugated in seven different ways to provide seven different meanings (tenses) to an otherwise identical sentence. Look at the next example that shows how the verb 90009 to dance 90010 is conjugated differently to express the number, people and tense of the action. 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 dance 90006 alone, yet I still love 90005 to dance 90006. This is something that is presently occurring.90026 90023 90005 Will 90006 you 90005 dance 90006 with me? This is something you hope will happen in the future. 90026 90023 Jane 90005 danced 90006 with Bob, but she 90005 did not dance 90006 with me or Kevin. This happened in the past. 90026 90023 I saw Kevin 90005 dancing 90006 alone, so I asked him if he 90005 would dance 90006 with me. This happened in the past, but I asked him if he would dance with me in the future. 90026 90023 I soon learned that Kevin 90005 dances 90006 badly, so I let him 90005 dance 90006 alone again.This happened in the past. 90026 90023 Next time, I 90005 will dance 90006 with Jane and Bob. Although, I am not sure if they 90005 will dance 90006 with me. This is something that will happen in the future. 90026 90043 90002 90005 All Types of Conjugations Exist 90006 90003 90002 As you may have noticed, conjugation is inextricably tied to the idea of ​​verb tenses. A verb can not be conjugated without reflecting the tense, otherwise we would not know when the action of the verb takes place.There is actually some debate as to how many tenses there are in the English language, with as many as 12 to 16 cited. There is a bit of confusion as some tenses can go by two names: 90009 future simple 90010 or 90009 simple future 90010, for example. The good news is that most of these tenses are formed by the use of auxiliary verbs, such as 90009 will, have, be 90010, so it’s not as if you have to learn up to 16 different conjugations. In English, we can break the tenses down to five main areas: past, present, future, perfect and conditional.90003 90002 Past tense conjugations: 90003 90022 90023 Simple past: Zoe 90005 went 90006 to the store. 90026 90023 Past progressive: Zoe 90005 was going 90006 to the store. 90026 90043 90002 Present tense conjugations: 90003 90022 90023 Simple present: Caren 90005 buys 90006 make-up. 90026 90023 Present progressive: Caren 90005 is 90006 90005 buying 90006 make-up. 90026 90043 90002 Future tense conjugations: 90003 90022 90023 Future simple (I): Michael and Benjy 90005 will eat 90006 lunch at noon.90026 90023 Future simple (I) with going to: They 90005 are going to eat 90006 lunch at noon. 90026 90023 Future perfect (II): 90005 Will 90006 they 90005 have eaten 90006 lunch by noon? 90026 90023 Future progressive (I): They 90005 will be eating 90006 lunch at noon. 90026 90023 Future perfect progressive (II): They 90005 will have been eating 90006 lunch for a few minutes by the time I arrive at 12:15. 90026 90043 90002 Perfect tense conjugations: 90003 90022 90023 Present perfect simple: He 90005 has spoken 90006 about it.90026 90023 Present perfect progressive: He 90005 has been speaking 90006 about it. 90026 90023 Past perfect progressive: He 90005 had been 90006 speaking about it. 90026 90023 Past perfect simple: He 90005 had spoken 90006 about it. 90026 90043 90002 Conditional tense conjugations: 90003 90022 90023 Conditional simple (I): We 90005 would consider 90006 your proposal. 90026 90023 Conditional perfect (II): We 90005 would have considered 90006 your proposal. 90026 90023 Conditional progressive (I): We 90005 would be considering 90006 your proposal.90026 90023 Conditional perfect progressive (II): We 90005 would have been considering 90006 your proposal. 90026 90043 90002 90005 Examples of Conjugation in English 90006 90003 90002 As you can see from the examples above, most verbs are conjugated by the use of auxiliary, or helping, verbs and the addition of infinitives, gerunds and participles. We will provide some basic examples of fully conjugated verbs below. For context, the conjugation in the form of a question and negative will also be provided.With the verb 90009 to be 90010, it changes form in the present: am, is, are. But with the verb 90009 to find 90010 in the past, there is no change in form except in the negative or when used as a question: found. And for both the verb 90009 to go 90010 in the future tense and the verb 90009 to think 90010 in the conditional tense, notice how they no longer display any of irregular properties when paired with the auxiliary verbs 90009 will 90010 and 90009 would 90010: 90003 90002 The irregular verb 90009 to be 90010 conjugated into the (simple) 90009 present 90010 tense: 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 am 90006.90026 90023 You (singular) 90005 are 90006. 90026 90023 He / she / it / John / Jane 90005 is 90006. 90026 90023 We 90026 90023 You (plural) 90005 are 90006. 90026 90023 They / John & Jane 90005 are 90006. 90026 90023 90005 Are 90006 you? 90026 90023 I 90005 am 90006 90026 90043 90002 The irregular verb 90009 to find 90010 conjugated into the (simple) 90009 past 90010 tense: 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 found 90006. 90026 90023 You (singular) 90005 found 90006.90026 90023 He / she / it / John / Jane 90005 found 90006. 90026 90023 We 90005 found 90006. 90026 90023 You (plural) 90005 found 90006. 90026 90023 They / John & Jane 90026 90023 90005 Did 90006 he 90005 find 90006 it? 90026 90023 We 90005 did 90006 not 90005 find 90006 90026 90043 90002 The irregular verb 90009 to go 90010 conjugated into the 90009 future 90010 tense: 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 will go 90006. 90026 90023 You (singular) 90005 will go 90006. 90026 90023 He / she / it / John / Jane 90005 will go 90006.90026 90023 We 90005 will go 90006. 90026 90023 You (plural) 90005 will 90006 90026 90023 They / John & Jane 90005 will go 90006. 90026 90023 90005 Will 90006 we 90005 go 90006? 90026 90023 You 90005 will 90006 not 90005 go 90006. 90026 90043 90002 The regular verb 90009 to think 90010 conjugated into the 90009 conditional 90010 tense: 90003 90022 90023 I 90005 would think. 90006 90026 90023 You 90005 would think. 90006 90026 90023 He / she / it / John / Jane 90005 would think 90006 90026 90023 We 90005 would think.90006 90026 90023 You (plural) 90005 would think. 90006 90026 90023 They / John & Jane 90005 would think 90006. 90026 90023 90005 Would 90006 we 90005 think 90006? 90026 90023 You 90005 would 90006 not 90005 think 90006. 90026 90043 .90000 Essential Rules and Practice Resources 90001 90002 90003 Do not let Spanish verb conjugations ruin your day. 90004 90005 90002 A little bit of practice is all it takes to master the conjugation process! 90005 90002 Anyone who’s ever taken a beginner Spanish course will probably groan at the mere 90009 mention 90010 of verb conjugation. For the uninitiated, conjugation involves changing a verb form to provide information about the action being performed. 90005 90002 These verbs take on different endings based on 90003 who 90004 is performing the action.The conjugated verb form also gives an idea as to 90003 when 90004 the action was performed, and the relation of the verb to the other words in the sentence. 90005 90002 Fortunately, there are concrete rules to help you convey all of this information. 90005 90002 In this post, 90003 we’ll walk you through Spanish verb conjugation, 90004 starting with the most basic rules and then working through irregularities and other wrinkles. 90005 90002 Note that we will not cover every possible tense and conjugation rule-we’ll be hitting the fundamentals that should prepare you to then move on to more advanced verb use.90005 90002 And since the secret to mastering verb conjugation is practice, we’ll start by introducing some great resources to try these rules out yourself. 90005 90002 90005 90030 90031 Practice Conjugating Spanish Verbs with These Resources 90032 90002 If you’re just getting started, learning how to conjugate Spanish verbs can be a bit overwhelming. If it’s not instant recall yet (and it will not be for a while), the following techniques and tools can help you to bridge the gap. 90005 90002 For starters, you can 90003 create three sets of flashcards 90004 for super-efficient practice: 90005 90039 90040 Pronouns 90041 90040 Verb tenses 90041 90040 Infinitives 90041 90046 90002 Choose a card from each set at random and test your ability to conjugate Spanish verbs on the go.This will help you to develop conversational fluency with quick recall. 90005 90002 For a high-tech version of this, Spanish511 offers an online tool for practicing verb conjugations. 90005 90002 Looking for more digital conjugation practice? Check these out: 90005 90039 90040 90003 The SpanishDict conjugation tool 90004: You can type in any verb you need to look up or test yourself on. You can enter the infinitive or a conjugated form in the search bar and you’ll get comprehensive conjugation charts.90041 90046 90039 90040 90003 conjugation.org 90004: This is a straightforward tool for learning or testing yourself on conjugated forms of Spanish verb infinitives. 90041 90046 90002 You can select which tenses to focus on, which makes this especially useful for beginners who do not want to be overwhelmed. 90005 90039 90040 90003 FluentU 90004: Want to practice Spanish verbs in a more natural environment? FluentU is an innovative tool that teaches vocabulary and grammar through real-world Spanish videos, like movie trailers, YouTube clips, news broadcasts and more.90041 90046 90002 Each video comes with interactive captions providing definitions for all words used in the video. You’ll get to see how verbs are formed in the context of authentic Spanish speech or dialogue. Plus, after watching a video, you’ll get learning tools like exercises and flashcards to make sure you retain what you’ve learned. 90005 90002 You’ll pick up new verbs and reinforce the ones you already know, all while absorbing Spanish the way natives really use it. 90005 90002 You can try FluentU in your browser or on your mobile device.90005 90002 Now that you have some helpful tools at hand, let’s learn how to conjugate Spanish verbs. 90005 90031 1. How to Conjugate Regular Verbs in the Present Tense 90032 90002 Before graduating to different tenses, it’s useful to start by learning the rules for how to conjugate Spanish verbs in the present tense. 90005 90085 First, Look for the Person Performing the Action 90086 90002 When conjugating Spanish verbs in the present tense, first identify who’s performing the action. There are eight possible performers / subjects: 90005 90039 90040 90009 Yo 90010 — I 90041 90040 90009 Tú 90010 — you (singular familiar) 90041 90040 90009 Usted 90010 — you (singular formal) 90041 90040 90009 Él, ella 90010 — he, she 90041 90040 90009 Nosotros / as 90010 — we 90041 90040 90009 Vosotros / as 90010 — you (plural familiar) 90041 90040 90009 Ustedes 90010 — you (plural formal) 90041 90040 90009 Ellos / as 90010 — them 90041 90046 90002 Note that although there are eight subjects, there are only six forms of verb conjugation.90009 Él, ella 90010 and 90009 usted 90010 (he, she, you) are conjugated the same, just like 90009 ellos, ellas 90010 and 90009 ustedes 90010 (them, plural you) are. 90005 90085 Then Add the Appropriate Ending 90086 90002 Now that we know who’s performing the action, we can get to the meat of verb conjugation. We’ll need to pick the correct verb ending depending on who the subject is. 90005 90002 Spanish verb infinitives (a.k.a. the dictionary version of the verb) end in the letters 90009 -ar, -er 90010 or 90009 -ir.90010 90003 To conjugate an infinitive, remove the final two letters and add the appropriate ending. 90004 90005 90002 The following examples demonstrate how to conjugate all regular verbs, respective of their endings. 90005 90002 For example, here’s how you’d conjugate 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 ar 90010 90004 (to speak). You would use the same verb endings to conjugate other regular -ar verbs. 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -o 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 o 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 yo hablo 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -as 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 as 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 tú hablas 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -a 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 a 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 usted / él / ella habla 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -amos 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 amos 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 nosotros / as hablamos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -áis 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90003 á 90004 90010 90003 90009 is 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 vosotros / as habláis 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 -an 90010 90161 90158 90009 habl 90010 90003 90009 an 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 ustedes / ellos / ellas hablan 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90002 For regular 90009 -er 90010 verbs, such as 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 er 90010 90004 (to eat): 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -o 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 o 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 yo como 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -es 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 es 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 tú comes 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -e 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 e 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 usted / él / ella come 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / As 90010 90161 90158 90009 -emos 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 emos 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 nosotros / as comemos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -éis 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90003 é 90004 90010 90003 90009 is 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 vosotros / as coméis 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 -en 90010 90161 90158 90009 com 90010 90003 90009 en 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 ustedes / ellos / ellas comen 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90002 For regular 90009 -ir 90010 verbs, such as 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 ir 90010 90004 (to live): 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -o 90010 90161 90158 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 o 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 yo vivo 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -es 90010 901 61 90158 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 es 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 tú vives 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -e 90010 90161 90158 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 e 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 usted / él / ella vive 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -imos 90010 90161 90158 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 imos 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 nosotros / as vivimos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -ís 90010 90161 90158 90009 viv 90003 í 90004 90010 90003 90009 s 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 vosotros / as vivís 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 -en 90010 90161 90158 90009 viv 90010 90003 90009 en 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 ustedes / ellos / ellas viven 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 9 0002 You’ll notice that all present tense conjugations have the same first-person conjugation, regardless of the verb ending.90005 90002 There are also several stem-changing verbs and irregular verb forms that can differ from these rules, as we’ll discuss below. 90005 90085 Conjugating Reflexive Verbs 90086 90002 Reflexive verbs have a subject that’s the same as the object, such as in the sentence «I weigh myself.» 90005 90002 To conjugate reflexive verbs, you’ll also need the appropriate reflexive pronoun, to indicate the subject / object relationship. The pronoun 90009 se 90010 relates to the self, like «himself» or «herself.»The following reflexive pronouns can be used for any tense: 90005 90039 90040 90009 Yo → me 90010 (myself) 90041 90040 90009 Tú → te 90010 (yourself, informal) 90041 90040 90009 Usted → se 90010 (yourself, formal) 90041 90040 90009 Él, ella → se 90010 (himself / herself) 90041 90040 90009 Nosotros / as → nos 90010 (ourselves) 90041 90040 90009 Vosotros / as → os 90010 (yourselves, informal) 90041 90040 90009 Ustedes → se 90010 (yourselves, formal) 90041 90040 90009 Ellos / as → se 90010 (themselves) 90041 90046 90002 Next, place the reflexive pronoun before the verb.90005 90002 So for example, with the sentence «I wash myself,» you would need the verb 90009 lavarse 90010 (to wash oneself; the reflexive version of the verb 90009 lavar 90010 — to wash). When conjugated, the sentence becomes 90009 Yo me lavo. 90010 90005 90031 2. How to Handle Irregularities in the Present Tense 90032 90085 Conjugating Stem-changing Verbs 90086 90002 Verb stem changes only affect verbs in the present simple, past simple and present continuous tenses. For stem-changing verbs, you still have to change the suffix, but 90003 there’s an additional step to complete the conjugation: changing the stem 90004.90005 90002 The stem change applies to all forms of the verb 90003 except 90004 90003 the 90009 nosotros 90010 and 90009 vosotros 90010 forms 90004, as you can see in the table below. 90005 90002 90009 Querer 90010 (to want) is an example of a stem-changing verb, which would be conjugated as such: 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -o 90010 90161 90158 90009 qu 90003 ie 90004 r 90010 90003 90009 o 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 yo quiero 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -es 90010 90161 90158 90009 qu 90003 ie 90004 r 90003 es 90004 90010 90161 90158 90009 tú quieres 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -e 90010 90161 90158 90009 qu 90003 ie 90004 r 90003 e 90004 90010 90161 90158 90009 usted / él / ella quiere 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -emos 90010 90161 90158 90009 quere 90003 mos 90004 90010 90161 90158 90009 nosotros / as queremos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -éis 90010 90161 90158 90009 quer 90003 é 90004 90010 90003 90009 is 90010 90004 90161 90158 90009 vosotros / as queréis 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 -en 90010 90161 90158 90009 qu 90003 ie 90004 r 90003 en 90004 90010 90161 90158 90009 ustedes / ellos / ellas quieren 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90085 Rules for Irregular 90009 Yo 90010 Forms 90086 90002 Verbs with irregular 90009 yo 90010 forms usually end in 90009 -guir, -ger 90010 or 90009 -gir.90010 90005 90002 For verbs that end in 90009 -guir, 90010 the conjugated yo form ends in — 90009 go. 90010 90005 90002 For example: 90009 extinguir 90010 (to extinguish) becomes 90009 extingo. 90010 90005 90002 For the verbs that end in 90009 -ger 90010 or 90009 -gir, 90010 the 90009 g 90010 in the 90009 yo 90010 form turns into a 90009 j 90010. 90005 90002 For example: 90009 dirigir 90010 (to direct) becomes 90009 dirijo 90010, and 90009 escoger 90010 (to choose) becomes 90009 escojo.90010 90005 90002 The aforementioned Spanish verb conjugation rules do not apply here in a helpful way, so 90003 Spanish verbs with irregular forms must be 90004 90003 90009 memorized 90010 90004. If you need some additional irregular Spanish verb practice, you can find more irregular forms here. 90005 90031 3. How to Conjugate in the Present Progressive 90032 90002 Present progressive verbs refer to actions happening 90009 right now 90010. In the English language, this would refer to verbs ending in -ing.90005 90002 To form sentences in the present progressive, 90003 you must first know how to conjugate the verb 90004 90003 90009 estar 90010 90004 90003 (to be) 90004: 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 estoy 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 est 90010 90009 ás 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 est 90010 90009 á 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 estamos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 est 90010 90009 á 90010 90009 is 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 est 90010 90009 á 90010 90009 n 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90002 Then , change the suffix of the action verb: 90005 90002 Let’s take an example with the verb 90009 escribir 90010 (to write).How should we form the sentence «I am writing» in Spanish? 90005 90002 First we’d need to conjugate 90009 estar 90010 in the 90009 yo 90010 form. We get 90009 estoy 90010. 90005 90002 Then, we change the suffix of the verb 90009 escribir 90010 to get 90009 escribiendo. 90010 90005 90002 Now our sentence reads 90009 Estoy escribiendo 90010. 90005 90031 4. How to Conjugate in the Past Tense 90032 90002 The past tense, or the 90003 preterite 90004, refers to the simplest form of the Spanish past tense.In English, conjugating to the past tense would typically involve adding the suffix -ed to a verb. 90005 90002 In this verb tense, the 90009 -er / -ir 90010 forms have the same ending: 90005 90155 90156 90157 91048 90158 90009 -ar 90010 verbs 90161 90158 — 90009 er / -ir 90010 verbs 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -é 90010 90161 90158 90009 -í 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -aste 90010 90161 90158 90009 -iste 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted 90010 90205 90009 él 90010 90205 90009 ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -ó 90010 90161 90158 90009 -ió 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -amos 90010 90161 90158 90009 -imos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 -asteis 90010 90161 90158 90009 -isteis 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 -aron 90010 90161 90158 90009 -ieron 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90002 To give an example, «I swam» becomes 90009 Yo nad 90010 90009 é, 90010 where 90009 nadar 90010 (to swim) is the verb infinitive.90005 90002 For this verb tense, accents are important, but are only used for the first and third person. 90005 90031 5. How to Conjugate in the Future Tense 90032 90002 Many consider the future tense one of the easiest to conjugate in Spanish. When you conjugate Spanish verbs to the future tense, 90003 all ending suffixes stay the same 90004, regardless of whether the verb ends in 90009 -ar, -er 90010 or 90009 -ir. 90010 Additionally, 90003 you do not have to drop any 90004 90003 letters from the infinitive 90004 before conjugating.90005 90002 Here are the verb endings for the future tense: 90005 90155 90156 90157 90158 90009 yo 90010 90161 90158 90009 -é 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 tú 90010 90161 90158 90009 -ás 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 usted / él / ella 90010 90161 90158 90009 -á 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 nosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 — 90010 90009 e 90010 90009 mos 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 vosotros / as 90010 90161 90158 90009 — 90010 90009 éis 90010 90161 90178 90157 90158 90009 ustedes 90010 90205 90009 ellos 90010 90205 90009 ellas 90010 90161 90158 90009 — 90010 90009 á 90010 90009 n 90010 90161 90178 90303 90304 90002 The sentence «I will drive» becomes 90009 Yo manejar 90010 90009 é, 90010 90009 90010 where the verb is 90009 manejar 90010 ( to drive).90005 90002 90005 90002 Learning Spanish verb conjugations is part practice, part memorization when you’re just getting started with the Spanish language. There are a lot of rules to commit to memory, and you’ll conjugate hundreds of verbs before finally feeling like you’re getting the hang of things. Do not give up-it’s hard work to become a master! 90005 90002 If you 90009 liked 90010 this post, something tells me that you’ll 90009 love 90010 FluentU, the best way to learn Spanish with real-world videos.90005 90002 Experience Spanish immersion online! 90005.90000 How do Japanese verbs conjugate? 90001 How do Japanese verbs conjugate? 90002 Japanese verb conjugation is fairly simple. The plain form of all verbs ends in u. There are very few irregular verbs, and this page contains a comprehensive list of their conjugations. In modern Japanese, there are no verbs ending in zu, fu, pu, or yu. There is only one verb ending in nu, shinu, to die. 90003 90004 Causative 90005 90002 The causative forms are characterized by the final u becoming aseru for consonant stem verbs, and ru becoming saseru for vowel stem verbs.90003 90008 90009 90010 Type 90011 90010 Causative 90011 90010 Examples 90011 90010 Causative 90011 90018 90009 90020 Irregular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 suru 90025 90024 saseru 90025 90024 kanben suru 90025 90024 kanben saseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 kuru 90025 90024 kosaseru 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90020 Regular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 u 90025 90024 waseru 90025 90024 tsukau (use) 90025 90024 tsukawaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 ku 90025 90024 kaseru 90025 90024 kawaku (dry) 90025 90024 kawakaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 gu 90025 90024 gaseru 90025 90024 oyogu (swim) 90025 90024 oyogaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 su 90025 90024 saseru 90025 90024 shimesu (show) 90025 90024 shimesaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 tsu 90025 90024 taseru 90025 90024 matsu (wait) 90025 90024 mataseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 nu 90025 90024 naseru 90025 90024 shinu (die) 90025 90024 shinaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 bu 90025 90024 baseru 90025 90024 yobu (call) 90025 90024 yobaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 mu 90025 90024 maseru 90025 90024 yomu (read) 90025 90024 yomaseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 ru (consonant stem) 90025 90024 raseru 90025 90024 hashiru (run) 90025 90024 hashiraseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 iru, eru (vowel stem) 90025 90024 isaseru, esaseru 90025 90024 kigaeru (change clothes) 90025 90024 kigaesaseru 90025 90018 90009 90020 Adjectives and negatives 90011 90018 90009 90024 i adjectives 90025 90024 -ku saseru 90025 90024 samui (cold) 90025 90024 samuku saseru (make cold) 90025 90018 90009 90024 na adjectives 90025 90024 — ni saseru 90025 90024 shizuka (quiet) 90025 90024 shizuka ni saseru (make quiet) 90025 90018 90169 90170 90171 Negatives are not normally made into causatives.Instead, a negative ending is added to the causative of the verb. Thus, for example, Tabesasenai: «Do not let eat». 90172 90171 Adjectives are made causative by using the adverb form plus saseru. For example, atsuku saseru, «make hot», from atsui, «hot». 90172 90175 90176 Usage 90177 90002 The causative is used for: 90003 90170 90171 Making someone do something: shukudai o saseta: «I made him do his homework». 90172 90171 Letting someone do something: soto de asobaseta: «I let him play outside».90172 90171 The honorific forms sasete morau or sasete itadaku using the verbs morau or its humble equivalent itadaku. 90172 90175 90004 Conditional eba form 90005 90002 The eba conditional form is characterized by the final u becoming eba for consonant stem verbs, and ru becoming reba for vowel stem verbs. 90003 90008 90009 90010 Type 90011 90010 Causative 90011 90010 Examples 90011 90010 Causative 90011 90018 90009 90020 Irregular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 suru 90025 90024 sureba 90025 90024 kanben suru 90025 90024 kanben sureba 90025 90018 90009 90024 kuru 90025 90024 koreba 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90024 da (copula) 90025 90024 de areba 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90020 Regular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 u 90025 90024 eba 90025 90024 tsukau (use) 90025 90024 tsukaeba 90025 90018 90009 90024 ku 90025 90024 keba 90025 90024 kawaku (dry) 90025 90024 kawakeba 90025 90018 90009 90024 gu 90025 90024 geba 90025 90024 oyogu (swim) 90025 90024 oyogeba 90025 90018 90009 90024 su 90025 90024 seba 90025 90024 shimesu (show) 90025 90024 shimeseba 90025 90018 90009 90024 tsu 90025 90024 teba 90025 90024 matsu (wait) 90025 90024 mateba 90025 90018 90009 90024 nu 90025 90024 neba 90025 90024 shinu (die) 90025 90024 shineba 90025 90018 90009 90024 bu 90025 90024 beba 90025 90024 yobu (call) 90025 90024 yobeba 90025 90018 90009 90024 mu 90025 90024 meba 90025 90024 yomu (read) 90025 90024 yomeba 90025 90018 90009 90024 ru (consonant stem) 90025 90024 raseru 90025 90024 hashiru (run) 90025 90024 hashireba 90025 90018 90009 90024 iru, eru (vowel stem) 90025 90024 ireba, ereba 90025 90024 kigaeru (change clothes) 90025 90024 kigaereba 90025 90018 90009 90020 Adjectives and negatives 90011 90018 90009 90024 i adjectives 90025 90024 kereba 90025 90024 samui 90025 90024 samukereba 90025 90018 90009 90024 na adjectives 90025 90024 de areba 90025 90024 kantan 90025 90024 kantan de areba 90025 90018 90009 90024 nai (negative) 90025 90024 nakereba 90025 90024 ikanai 90025 90024 ikanakereba 90025 90018 90169 90170 90171 Na adjective are usually used with the nara conditional, but they can be used with de areba.90172 90171 The nakereba form used for the negative form can be colloquially contracted to nakya. Thus ikanakereba can become ikanakya. 90172 90175 90176 Usage 90177 90002 The eba conditional form is used in conditionals, for example nani sureba ii ka: «What should I do?». 90003 90004 Conditional ra form 90005 90002 The conditional ra form is formed from the past tense by simply adding ra, hence for example, itta «went» becomes ittara «if (you) go». The only exception is the copula da, which becomes nara.90003 90004 i form 90005 90002 See What is the ‘i’ verb ending? 90003 90004 Imperative 90005 90002 Most of the imperative forms are characterized by the final u becoming e. 90003 90008 90009 90010 Type 90011 90010 Becomes 90011 90010 Examples 90011 90010 Imperative 90011 90018 90009 90020 Irregular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 suru 90025 90024 shiro 90413 seyo 90025 90024 kanben suru 90025 90024 kanben shiro 90413 kanben seyo 90025 90018 90009 90024 kuru 90025 90024 koi 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90024 ru polite verbs 90025 90024 i 90025 90024 irassharu 90413 nasaru 90025 90024 irasshai 90413 nasai 90025 90018 90009 90024 kureru 90025 90024 kure 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90024 masu stem 90025 90024 mase 90025 90024 irasshaimasu (come, go) 90025 90024 irasshaimase 90025 90018 90009 90024 da (copula) 90025 90024 de are 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90020 Regular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 u 90025 90024 e 90025 90024 tsukau (use) 90025 90024 tsukae 90025 90018 90009 90024 ku 90025 90024 ke 90025 90024 yaku (burn) 90025 90024 yake 90025 90018 90009 90024 gu 90025 90024 ge 90025 90024 oyogu (swim) 90025 90024 oyoge 90025 90018 90009 90024 su 90025 90024 se 90025 90024 shimesu (show) 90025 90024 shimese 90025 90018 90009 90024 tsu 90025 90024 te 90025 90024 matsu (wait) 90025 90024 mate 90025 90018 90009 90024 nu 90025 90024 ne 90025 90024 shinu (die) 90025 90024 shine 90025 90018 90009 90024 bu 90025 90024 be 90025 90024 yobu (call) 90025 90024 yobe 90025 90018 90009 90024 mu 90025 90024 me 90025 90024 yomu (read) 90025 90024 yome 90025 90018 90009 90024 ru (consonant stem) 90025 90024 re 90025 90024 hashiru (run) 90025 90024 hashire 90025 90018 90009 90024 iru, eru (vowel stem) 90025 90024 iro, iyo, ero, eyo 90025 90024 kigaeru (change clothes) 90025 90024 kigaero 90413 kigaeyo 90025 90018 90169 90176 Usage 90177 90002 The imperative form is used 90003 90170 90171 in orders, such as in the military, or to inferiors, or in textbook exercises, 90172 90171 in set phrases such as nani shiro: «no matter what».90172 90171 in reported speech, where a polite request may be reported using a plain imperative: kashite kudasai (direct) becomes kase to iwareta (he told me to lend it to him). 90172 90175 90004 Negative 90005 90002 The basic pattern for forming negative Japanese verbs is the u at the end of the verb becomes anai. 90003 90008 90009 90010 Type 90011 90010 Negative 90011 90010 Examples 90011 90010 Negative 90011 90018 90009 90020 Irregular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 suru 90025 90024 shinai 90025 90024 benkyō suru 90025 90024 benkyō shinai 90025 90018 90009 90024 kuru 90025 90024 konai 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90024 da 90025 90024 de wa nai 90413 ja nai 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90024 masu stem 90025 90024 masen 90025 90024 ikimasu (go, polite) 90025 90024 ikimasen 90025 90018 90009 90020 Regular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 u 90025 90024 wanai 90025 90024 tsukau (use) 90025 90024 tsukawanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 ku 90025 90024 kanai 90025 90024 yaku (burn) 90025 90024 yakanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 gu 90025 90024 ganai 90025 90024 oyogu (swim) 90025 90024 oyoganai 90025 90018 90009 90024 su 90025 90024 sanai 90025 90024 shimesu (show) 90025 90024 shimesanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 tsu 90025 90024 tanai 90025 90024 matsu (wait) 90025 90024 matanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 nu 90025 90024 nanai 90025 90024 shinu (die) 90025 90024 shinanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 bu 90025 90024 banai 90025 90024 yobu (call) 90025 90024 yobanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 mu 90025 90024 manai 90025 90024 yomu (read) 90025 90024 yomanai 90025 90018 90009 90024 ru (consonant stem) 90025 90024 ranai 90025 90024 hashiru (run) 90025 90024 hashiranai 90025 90018 90009 90024 iru, eru (vowel stem) 90025 90024 inai, enai 90025 90024 kigaeru (change clothes) 90025 90024 kigaenai 90025 90018 90009 90020 Adjectives 90011 90018 90009 90024 i adjectives 90025 90024 ku nai 90025 90024 itai (painful) 90025 90024 itakunai 90025 90018 90009 90024 na adjectives 90025 90024 de wa nai 90413 ja nai 90025 90024 kantan 90025 90024 kantan de wa nai 90413 kantan ja nai 90025 90018 90169 90002 The nai ending conjugates in two ways.90003 90774 90171 As an i adjective. For example the past tense of tabenai is tabenakatta and the te form is tabenakute. 90172 90171 There is a special te form made by adding de. For example, tabenaide. This is used, for example, in tabenaide kudasai: «Please do not eat (this)». 90172 90779 90004 Potential ( «can do») 90005 90002 The general pattern is u becomes eru. 90003 90008 90009 90010 Type 90011 90010 Potential 90011 90010 Examples 90011 90010 Potential 90011 90018 90009 90020 Irregular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 suru 90025 90024 dekiru 90413 90025 seru (in compounds) 90024 benkyō suru 90413 aisuru 90025 90024 benkyō dekiru 90413 aiseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 kuru 90025 90024 korareru 90025 90038 90038 90018 90009 90020 Regular verbs 90011 90018 90009 90024 u 90025 90024 eru 90025 90024 tsukau (use) 90025 90024 tsukaeru 90025 90018 90009 90024 ku 90025 90024 keru 90025 90024 yaku (burn) 90025 90024 yakeru 90025 90018 90009 90024 gu 90025 90024 geru 90025 90024 oyogu (swim) 90025 90024 oyogeru 90025 90018 90009 90024 su 90025 90024 seru 90025 90024 shimesu (show) 90025 90024 shimeseru 90025 90018 90009 90024 tsu 90025 90024 tareru 90025 90024 matsu (wait) 90025 90024 materu 90025 90018 90009 90024 nu 90025 90024 neru 90025 90024 shinu (die) 90025 90024 shineru 90025 90018 90009 90024 bu 90025 90024 beru 90025 90024 yobu (call) 90025 90024 yoberu 90025 90018 90009 90024 mu 90025 90024 meru 90025 90024 yomu (read) 90025 90024 yomeru 90025 90018 90009 90024 ru (consonant stem) 90025 90024 reru 90025 90024 hashiru (run) 90025 90024 hashireru 90025 90018 90009 90024 iru, eru (vowel stem) 90025 90024 irareru, erareru 90413 ireru, ereru (*) 90025 90024 kigaeru (change clothes) 90025 90024 kigaerareru 90413 kigaereru (*) 90025 90018 90169 90002 (*) The shorter reru form is common but not considered standard.90003 90176 Usage 90177 90002 The potential is used to express ability, for example nihongo ga 90003.